LL #04-1979TOWN OF WAPPINGER
DUTCHESS COUNTY, NEW YORK
LOCAL LAW NO.4, YEAR 1979
FLOOD DAMAGE PREVENTION
%W BE IT ENACTED by the Town Board of the Town of Wappinger as follows:
1.1. STATUTORY AUTHORIZATION
%W The Legislature of the State of New York has delegated the re-
sponsibility to local governmental units to adopt regulations de-
signed to promote the public health, safety, and general welfare
of its citizenry.
1.2. FINDINGS OF FACT
(1) The flood hazard areas of the Town of Wappinger are sub-
ject to periodic inundation which results in loss of life and pro-
perty, health and safety hazards, disruption of commerce and govern-
mental services, extraordinary public expenditures for flood pro-
tection and relief, and impairment of the tax base, all of which
adversely affect the public health, safety,and general welfare.
(2) These flood losses are caused by the cumulative effect
of obstructions in areas of special flood hazards which increase
flood heights and velocities, and when inadequately anchored,damage
uses in -other areas. Uses that are inadequately floodproofed, elevated
or otherwise protected from flood damage also contribute to the flood loss.
1.3 STATEMENT OF PURPOSE
,%W It is thepurpose of this local law to promote the public health,
safety, and general welfare, and to minimize public and private
'�Iw losses due to flood conditions in specific areas by provisions de-
signed:
(1) To protect human life and health;
(2) To minimize expenditure of public money for costly flood
control projects;
(3) To minimize the need for rescue and relief efforts associated
with flooding and generally undertaken at the expense of the general
public;
(4) To minimize prolonged business interruptions;
(5) To minimize damage to public facilities and utilities
such as water and gas mains, electric, telephone, and sewer lines,
streets and bridges located in areas of special flood hazard;
(6) To help maintain a stable tax base by providing for the
second use and development of areas of special flood hazard so as
to minimize future flood blight areas;
(7) To insure that potential buyers are notified that pro-
perty is in an area of special flood hazard; and,
(8) To ensure that those who occupy the areas of special
flood hazard assume responsibility for their actions.
1.4 METHODS OF REDUCING FLOOD LOSSES
In order to accomplish its purposes this local law includes
methods and provisions for:
(1) Restricting or prohibiting uses which are dangerous to
health, safety, and property due to water or erosion hazards, or
which result in damaging increases in erosion or in flood heights or
velocities;
(2) Requiring that uses vulnerable to floods, including facil-
ities which serve such uses, be protected against flood damage at the
time of initial contruction;
(3) Controlling the alteration of natural flood plains,
stream channels and natural protective barriers, which help accommo-
date or channel flood waters;
(4) Controlling filling, grading, dredging, and other devel-
opment which may increase flood damage; and
(5) Preventing or regulating the constrtjction of flood barriers
which will unnaturally divert flood waters or which may increase flood
hazards in other areas.
F�
M
M
F,
2.0 DEFINITIONS
Unless specifically defined
below,
words or
phrases used
in this
local law shall
be interpreted so
as to
give them
the meaning
they
n
have in common usage and to give this local law its most reasonable
application.
"Appeal" means a request for a review of the building inspector's
interpretation of any provision of this local law or a request for a
variance.
"Area of shallow flooding" means a designated AQ Zone on the
Flood Insurance Rate Map (FIRM). The base flood depths range from one
to three feet; a clearly defined channel does not exist; the path of
flooding is unpredictable and indeterminate; and, velocity flow may
be evident.
"Area of special flood hazard" means the land in the flood
plain within a community subject to a one percent or greater chance
of flooding in any given year.
"Base Flood" means the flood having a one percent chance of
being equalled or exceeded in any given year.
"Development" means any man-made change to improved or unim-
proved real estate, including but not limited to buildings or other
structures, mining, dredging, filling, grading, paving, excavation or
drilling operations located within the area of special flood hazard.
"Existing mobile home park or mobile home subdivision" means a
parcel for contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more mobile
home lots for rent or sale for which the construction of facilites for
servicing the lot on which the mobile home is to be affixed (including,
at a minimum, the installation of utilities, either final site grading
or the pouring of concrete pads, and the construction of streets) is
completed before the effective date of this ordinance.
"Expansion to an existing mobile home park or mobile home sub-
division" means the preparation of additional sites by the con-
struction of facilities for servicing the lots on which the mobile
homes are to be affixed (including the installation of utilities,
either final site grading or pouring of concrete or the construclogo
-
tion of streets).
"Flood" or"Flooding" means a general and temporary condition
of partial or complete inundation of normally dry land areas from:
(1) The overflow of inland or tidal waters and/or
(2) The unusual and rapid accumulation or runoff of surface
waters from any source.
"Flood Insurance Rate Map" (FIRM) means the official map on
which the Federal Insurance Administration has delineated both the
areas of special flood hazards and the risk premium zones applicable
to the community.
"Flood Insurance Study" means the official report provided
in which the Federal Insurance Administration has provided flood
profiles, as well as the Flood Boundary-Floodway Map and the water
surface elevation of the base flood.
"Floodway" means the channel of a river or other water -course
and the adjacent land areas that must be reserved in order to dis-
charge the base flood without cumulatively increasing the water
surface elevation more than one (1) foot.
"Habitable floor" means any floor usable for living purposes,
which includes working, sleeping, eating, cooking or recreation, or
a combination thereof. A floor used only for storage purposes is
not a"habitable floor."
"Mobile Home" means a structure that is transportable in one
or more sections, built on a permanent chassis, and designed to be
used with or without a permanent foundation when connected to the re-
quired utilities. It does not include recreational vehicles or
travel trailers.
"New construction" means structures for which the "start of
1 construction" commenced on or after the effective date of this local
law.
1%► "New mobile home park or mobile home subdivision" means a par-
cel (or contiguous parcels) of land divided into two or more mobile
home lots for rent or sale for which the construction of facilities
for servicing the lot (including, at a minimum, the installation of
utilities, either final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads,
and the construction of streets) is completed on or after the
effective date of this local law.
"Start of construction"means the first placement of permanent
construction of a structure (other than a mobile home) on a site,
such as the pouring of slabs or footings or any work beyond the stage
of excavation. Permanent construction does not include land prepa-
ration, such as clearing, grading, and filling, nor does it include
the installation of streets and/or walkways; nor does it include
excavation for a basement, footings, piers or foundations or the
erection of temporary forms; nor does it include the installation on
the property of accessory buildings, such as garages or sheds not
occupied as dwelling units or not as part of the main structure. For
a structure (other than a mobile home) without a basement or poured
footings, the "start of construction" includes the first permanent
framing or assembly of the structure of any part thereof on its
piling or foundation. For mobile homes not within a mobile home
park or mobile home subdivision, "start of construction" means the
affixing of themobile home to its permanent site. For mobile homes
within mobile home parks or mobile home subdivisions, "start of
construction" is the date on which the construction of facilities
for servicing the site on which the mobile home is to be affixed
(including, at a minimum, the construction of streets, either
final site grading or the pouring of concrete pads, and instal-
lation of utilities) is completed.
"Structure" means a walled and roofed building, a mobile
home, or a gas or liquid storage tank, that is principally above
ground.
"Substantial improvement" means any repair, reconstruction,
or improvement of a structure, the cost of which equals or exceeds
50 percent of the market value of the structure either:
(1) before the improvement or repair is started, or
(2) if the structure has been damaged and is being restored,
before the damage occurred.
For the purpose of this definition "substantial improvement"
is considered to occur when the first alteration of any wall,
ceiling, floor, or other structural part of the building commences,
whether or not that alteration affects the external dimensions of
the structure.
The term does not, however, include either:
(1) any project for improvement of a structure to comply
with existing state or local health, sanitary, or safety code
specifications which are solely necessary to assure safe living
conditions, or
(2) any alteration of a structure listed on the National
Register of Historic Places or a State or County Inventory of
Historic Places.
"Variance" means a grant of relief from the requirements of
this local law which permits construction in a manner that would
otherwise be prohibited by this local law.
3.1 LANDS TO WHICH THIS LOCAL LAW APPLIES
This local law shall apply to all areas of special flood hazards
within the jurisdiction of the Town of Wappinger.
3.2 BASIS FOR ESTABLISHING THE AREAS`OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD
The areas of special flood hazard indentified by the Federal
Insurance Administration in a scientific and engineering report
lbkw entitled "The Flood Insurance Study for the Town of Wappinger,"
dated December 15, 1978, with accompanying Flood Insurance Rate
%W Maps and Flood Boundary-Floodway Maps is hereby adopted by reference
and declared to be a part of this local law. The Flood Insurance
Study is on file at the office of the Town Clerk, Mill Street, Village
of Wappingers Falls, New York.
3.3 PENALTIES FOR NONCOMPLIANCE
No structure or land shall hereafter be constructed, located,
extended, converted or altered without full compliance with the
terms of this local law and other applicable regulations. Violation
of the provisions of this local law by failure to comply with any of
its requirements (including violations of conditions and safeguards
established in connection with conditions) shall constitue a offense.
Any person who violates this local law,or fails to comply with any
of its requirements shall upon conviction thereof be fined not more
than Two Hundred Fifty ($250.00) Dollars or imprisoned for not more
than fifteen (15) days, or both, for each violation, and in addition
shall pay all costs and expenses involved in the case. Nothing herein
contained shall prevent the Town of Wappinger from taking such other
lawful action as is necessary to prevent or remedy any violation.
3.4 ABROGATION AND GREATER RESTRICTIONS
This local law is not intended to repeal, abrogate, or impair
any existing easements, covenants, or deed restrictions. However,
where this local law and other ordinance, easement, covenant, or deed
restriction conflict or overlap, whichever imposes the more stringent
restrictions shall prevail.
3.5 INTERPRETATION
In the interpretation and application of this local law, all
provisions shall be:
and,
(1) Considered as minimum requirements;
(2) Liberally construed in favor of the governing body;
(3) Deemed neither to limit nor repeal any other powers
granted under State statutes.
3.6 WARNING AND DISCLAIMER OF LIABILITY
The degree of flood protection required by this local law is
considered reasonable for regulatory purposes and is based on
scientific and engineering considerations. Larger floods can and
will occur on rare occasions. Flood heights may be increased by man-
made or natural causes. This local law does not imply that land out-
side the area of special flood hazards or uses permitted within such
areas will be free from flooding or flood damages. This local law
shall not create liability on the part of the Town of Wappinger, any
officer or employee thereof or the Federal Insurance Administration,
for any flood damages that result from reliance on this local law or
any administrative decision lawfully made thereunder.
4.1 ESTABLISHMENT OF DEVELOPMENT PERMIT
A Development Permit shall be obtained before constuction or
development begins within any area of special flood hazard established
in Section 3.2. Application for a Development Permit shall be made
on forms furnished by the Building Inspector and may;include, but not
be limited to; plans in duplicate drawn to scale showing the nature,
location, dimensions, and elevations of the area in question; existing
or proposed structures, fill, storage of materials, drainage facilities;
and the location of the foregoing.
F�
I
n
n
Specifically, the following information is required:
(1) Elevation in relation to mean sea level, of the lowest
floor (including basement) of all structures;
(2) Elevation in relation to mean sea level to which any
structure has been floodproofed;
(3) Certification by a registered professional engineer or
%W architect that the floodproofing methods for any nonresidential
structure meet the floodproofing criteria in Section 5.2.2; and,
(4) Description of the extent to which any watercourse will
be altered or relocated as a result of proposed development.
4.2 DESIGNATION OF THE BUILDING INSPECTOR
The Building Inspector is hereby appointed to administer and
implement this local law by granting or denying development
permit applications in accordance with its provisions.
4.3 DUTIES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF THE BUILDING INSPECTOR
Duties of the Building Inspector shall include, but not
be limited to:
(1) Review all development permits to determine that the
permit requirements of this ordinance have been satisfied.
(2) Review all development permits to determine that all
necessary permits have been obtained from those Federal, State or
local governmental agencies from which prior approval is required.
(3) Review all development permits to determine if the
114✓ proposed development is located in the floodway. If located in
the floodway, assure that the encroachment provisions of Section
*r. 5.3 (1) are met.
4.3-2 USE OF OTHER FLOOD DATA
When base flood elevation data has not been provided in
accordance with Section 3.2, BASIS FOR ESTABLISHING THE AREAS
OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD, the building inspector shall obtain,
review, and reasonably utilize any base flood elevation data
available from a Federal, State or other source, in order to
administer Sections 5.2-1, SPECIFIC STANDARDS, Residential
Construction, and 5.2-2, SPECIFIC STANDARDS, Nonresidential
Construction.
4.3-3 INFORMATION TO BE OBTAINED AND MAINTAINED
(1) Obtain and record the actual elevation (in relation
to mean sea level) of the lowest habitable floor (including
basement) of all new or substantially improved structures,
and whether or not the structure contains a basement.
(2) For all new substantially improved floodproofed
structures:
(i) verify and record the actual elevation (in relation
to mean sea level); and
(ii) maintain the floodproofing certifications required
in Section 4.1 (3).
(3) Maintain for public inspection all records pertaining to
the provisions of this local law.
4.3-4 ALTERATION OF WATERCOURSES
'(1) Notify adjacent communities and the State coordinating
agency prior to any alteration or relocation of a watercourse, and
submit evidence of such notification to the Federal Insurance
Administration:
(2) Require that maintenance is provided within the altered
or relocated portion of said watercourse so that the flood carrying
capacity is not diminished.
4.3-5 INTERPRETATION OF FIRM BOUNDARIES
Make interpretations where needed, as to the exact location of
the boundaries of the areas of special flood hazards (for example,
where there appears to be a conflict between a mapped boundary and
actual field conditions). The person contesting the location of the
boundary shall be given a reasonable opportunity to appeal the
1�
F1,
n
n
interpretation as provided in Section 4.4.
4.4 VARIANCE PROCEDURE
4.4-1 APPEAL BOARD
(1) The Zoning Board of Appeals as established by the Town of
Wappinger shall hear and decide appeals and requests for variances from
the requirements of this local law.
(2) The Zoning Board of Appeals shall hear and decide appeals when
114W it is alleged there is an error in any requirement, decision, or determin-
ation made by the building inspector, the enforcement or administration
of this local law.
(3) Those aggrieved by the decision of the Zoning Board of Appeals,
or any taxpayer, may appeal such decision to the Supreme Court, as provided
in Town Law 9264.
(4) In passing upon such applications, the Zoning Board of Appeals
shall consider all technical evaluations, all relevant factors, standards
specified in other sections of this ordinance, and:
(i) the danger that materials may be swept onto other lands to
the injury of others;
(ii) the danger to life and property due to flooding or erosion
damage;
(iii) the susceptibility of the proposed facility and its
contents to flood damage and the effect of such damage on the individual
owner;
(iv) the importance of the services provided by the proposed
facility to the community;
(v) the necessity to the facility of a waterfront location,
where applicable.
(vi) the compatibility of the proposed use with existing and
anticipated development;
(vii) the availability of alternative locations for the
proposed use which are not subject to flooding or erosion damage;
(viii) the relationship of the proposed use to the compre-
hensive plan and flood plain management program of that area;
(ix) the safety of access to the property in times of flood
for ordinary and emergency vehicles;
(x) the expected heights, velocity, duration, rate of rise,
and sediment transport of the flood waters and the effects of wave action,
if applicable, expected the the site;and
(xi) the costs of providing governmental services during and 1100
after flood conditions, including maintenance and repair of public utili-
ties and facilities such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems,
and streets and bridges.
(5) Upon consideration of the factors of Section 4.4-1(4) and the
purposes of this local law, the Zoning Board of Appeals may attach such
conditions to the granting of variances as it deems necessary to further
the purposes of this local law.
(6) The building inspector shall maintain the records of all
appeal actions, including technical information, and report any variances
to the Federal Insurance Administration upon request.
4.4-2 CONDITIONS FOR VARIANCES
(1) Generally,variances may be issued for new construction and
substantial improvements to be erected on a lot of one-half or less in
size contiguous to and surrounded by lots with existing structures con-
structed below the base flood level, providing items (i -xi) in Section
4.4-1(14) have been fully considered. As the lot size increases beyond
the one-half acre, the technical justification required for issuing the
variance increases. 14
(2) Variances may be issued for the reconstruction, rehabilitation
or restoration of structures listed on the National Register of Historic
Places or the State Inventory of Historic Places, without regard to the
procedures set forth in the remainder of this section.
(3) Variances shall not be issued within any designated flood -
way if any increase in flood levels during the base flood discharge
would result.
4 Variances shall only be issued upon a determination that
the variance is the minimym necessary, considering the flood hazard,
4b►'
to afford relief.
(5) Variances shall only be issued upon:
(i) a showing of good and sufficient cause;
(ii) a determination that failure to grant the variance
would result in exceptional hardship to the applicant; and
(iii) a determination that the granting of a variance
will not result in increased flood heights, additional threats to
public safety, extraordinary public expense, create nuisances, cause
fraud on or victimization of the public as identified in Section 4.401(4),
or conflict with existing local laws or ordinances.
(6) Any applicant to whom a variance is granted shall be given
written notice that the structure will be permitted to be built with a
lowest floor elevation below the base flood elevation and that the
cost of flood insurance will be commensurate with the increased risk
resulting from the reduced lowest floor elevation.
Section 5.0 PROVISIONS FOR FLOOD HAZARD REDUCTION
5.1 GENERAL STANDARDS
In all areas of special flood hazards the following standards
are required:
5.1-1 ANCHORING
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be
1rr
anchored to prevent flotation, collapse, or lateral movement of the
structure.
(2) All mobile homes shall be anchored to resist flotation, collapse,
or lateral movement by providing over -the -top and frame ties to grounds
anchors. Special requirements shall be that:
(i) over -the -top ties be provided at each of the four corners
of the mobile home, with two additional ties per side at intermediate locations,
with mobile homes less than 50 feet long requiring one additional tie per side;
(ii) frame ties be provided at each corner of the home with five
additional ties per side at intermediate points, with mobile homes less than
50 feet long requiring four additional ties per side;
(iii) all components of the anchoring system be capable of carrying
a force of 4,800 pounds; and,
(iv) any additions to the mobile home be similarly anchored.
5.1-2 CONSTRUCTION MATERIALS AND METHODS
(1) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be con-
structed with materials and utility equipment resistant to flood damage.
(2) All new construction and substantial improvements shall be con-
structed using methods and practices that minimize flood damage.
5.1-3 UTILITIES
(1) All new and replacement water supply systems shall be designed
to minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the system;
(2) New and replacement sanitary sewage systems shall be designed to
minimize or eliminate infiltration of flood waters into the systems and discharge
from the systems into flood waters; and
(3) On-site waste disposal systems shall be located to avoid impairment
to them or contamination from them during flooding. *44-
5.1-4 SUBDIVISION PROPOSALS
(1) All subdivision proposals shall be consistent with the need to
minimize flood damage;
(2) All subdivision proposals shall have public utilities and facilities
such as sewer, gas, electrical, and water systems located and constructed to
minimize flood damage;
(3) All subdivision proposals shall have adequate drainage provided
to reduce exposure to flood damage; and,
(4) Base flood elevation data shall be provided for subdivision
proposals and other proposed development which contain at least 50 lots or
5 acres (whichever is less).
%r 5.2 SPECIFIC STANDARDS
In all areas of special flood hazards where base flood elevation data
have been provided as set forth in Section 3.2, BASIS FOR ESTABLISHING THE
AREAS OF SPECIAL FLOOD HAZARD or in Section 4.3-2, Use of Other Base Flood
Data, the following standards are required:
5.2-1 RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
New construction and substantial improvement of any residential
structure shall have the lowest floor, including basement, elevated to or
above base flood elevation.
5.2-2 NONRESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION
New construction and substantial improvement of any commercial,
industrial or other nonresidential structure shall either have the lowest
floor, including basement, elevated to the level of the base flood elevation;
or,
together with attendant utility and sanitary facilities, shall:
(1) be floodproofed so that below the base flood level the structure
is watertight with walls substantially impermeable to the passage of water;
(2) have structural components capable of resisting hydro -static
and hydrodynamic loads and effects of buoyancy; and
lir (3) be certified by a registered professional engineer or architect
that the standards of this subsection are satisfied. Such certifications
shall be provided to the official as set forth in Section 4.3-3(2).
5.2-3 MOBILE HOMES
(1) Mobile homes shall be anchored in accordance with Section 5.1-2(2).
(2) For new mobile home parks and mobile home subdivisions; for ex-
pansions to existing mobile home parks and mobile home subdivisions; for
existing mobile home parks and mobile home subdivisions where the repair,
reconstruction or improvement of the streets, utilities and pads equals or
exceeds 50 percent of the value of the streets, utilities and pads before
the repair, reconstruction or improvement has commenced; and for mobile homes
not placed in a mobile home park or mobile home subdivision, require that:
(i) stands or lots are elevated on compacted fill or on pilings
so that the lowest floor of the mobile home will be at or above the base
flood level;
(ii) adequate surface drainage and access for a hauler are pro-
vided; and,
(iii) in the instance of elevation pilings, that:
- lots are large enough to permit steps,
- piling foundations are placed in stable
soil no more than ten feet apart, and
- reinforcement is provided for pilings more than
six feet above the ground level.
(3) No mobile home shall be placed in a floodway, except in an
existing mobile home park or an existing mobile home subdivision.
5.3 FLOODWAYS
Located within areas of special flood hazard established in Section 3.2
are areas designated as floodways. Since the floodway is an extremely
hazardous area due to the velocity of flood waters which carry debris,
potential projectiles, and erosion potential, the following provisions apply:
(1) Prohibit encroachments, including fill, new construction, sub-
stantial improvements, and other development unless a technical evaluation
demonstrates that encroachments shall not result in any increase in flood
L
In
(2) If Section 5.3(1) is satisfied, all new construction and
substantial improvements shall comply with all applicable flood
hazard reduction provisions of Section 5.0 PROVISIONS FOR FLOOD
HAZARD REDUCTION.
(3) Prohibit the placement of any mobile homes, except in
%W an existing mobile park home or existing mobile home subdivision.