007
~~
, ~ ~
APPEAL
{i
'I . "f {I I q (; ':>,
~r, /
DATE) t>,~'-I-t:- . 19-f__f
TOWN':'VILLAGZ OFI-,);.",;"".,?,/" ,N3W YORK
. . I I
q::; 5~,'j!. 11//("
(street and N~~ber)
q HEREBY APPEAL TO THE ZONING
A P PE.:lU.. NO.
_/ ~7
c-'
u ...,~
~:;/~
TO THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS,
I (we) /I-,! I;' 1.::"(7/t /- '\ rt:' /1// of
(Name of Applicant)
/./,1{'/'',!',;:'C/'< /-""f-lll-f //"'L-; Yr"1/j(
(Municipality) , (state)
BOARD OF APPEALS FROM THE DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~~NT OFFICER
ON APPLICATION FOR BUILDING PERMIT NO ,DATED ,19
WP~REBY THE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER DID
(
(
) G RA.1\JT
)DENY TO
CST~>/
(Name of Applicant for Permit)
(C) 'S[,~1l l-/vX Q &f-//'IY///-t:;c'r5 ///lLs 4('/ Y::/,K
(Street and Number) /~unicipality) State
A PER~IT FOR USE
A CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
A SPECIAL USE PERMIT OR EXTENSION THEREOF
A CERTIFICATE OF EXISTING USE
[" ~ / . 1/ J I .J".. I <'. 7/, . ('/. -I) 'r .7/' '''_ - ....
. ",,1;/1//:" !/J..-c' Il '-"rJ,/"/- .j,jj.:/ dr ...)/..//I~.,.r:,,-',-:.' J:""r .// /..../')~.....//~../'-J'
II c";f, .r lei 71'1
OF
( /ffl)
)
( )
( i./)
1.
,f{ /) :).:)
Location of the Property. Street and Number or other Identificat-
ion
(Use District on Zoninq Map)
2. PROVISIONS(s) OF THE ZONING ORBIN~~CE APPEALED. (Indicate
the Article)"
Section) Subsection and Paragraph of the Zoning Ordinance
being AppealedQ BY ~uMBER Do NOT QUOTE THE ORDINANCE.
/1;' I, ('! t.' ;/;.-. I/~//" ;//( 1 (:,r/
3. TYPE OF APPEAL, Appeal is made herewith for:
(j/') AN INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONJJNG ORDINANCE
OR ZONING MAP
)A VARIANCE TO THE ZONING ORDINlU~CE OR
ZONING MAP
) SPECIAL USE PERMIT TO THE ZONING
ORDINANCE OR ZONING MAP
L],.. PREVIOUS APPEAL. A Previous Appeal (,.---1 Has) ( ) 3:P.5-r.'\'G-'P
BEEN }L~E WITH RESPECT TO THIS DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~~NT
03FICER OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS PROPERTY. SUCH APPEAL (s)
WAS (~~RE) IN THE FORM OF ( ) A REQUESTED IN~ERPRETATION,
(./) A REQUEST FOR VARIANCE, ( ) A REQUEST FOR A SPECIAL
USE PEfu~IT AND WAS (WERE) MADE IN APPEAL NO./~-1 I DATED
J P!nr 'ill/; j 19 ,
5. REASON FOR APPEAL. (Complete Relevant Blank. Use extra
sheet if necessary) rt/i,!-/tJ-;- /:,///'/ )-;IC'<,~4" j,,/'>;C 4'_<;"-.:1 4-/C. [.7' "'..\ ''';:.... .-i' h.-.:-
?e-;....;.il r.)
a. INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS REQUESTED
Because:
B. A VARIANCE TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS REQUESTED For
these reasons:
(All Reasons must be answered)
(1) T'l'HE,;PROPERTY IN QUESTION WILL NOT YIELD A
REASONABLE RETU&~ IF DEVELOPED WITHIN THE
REQUIRE~illNTS OF THE DISTRICT WITHIN WHICH
SITUATED BECAUSE~
(2)THE HARSHIP CREATED IS u~IQUE AND IS NOT SFJffiED
BY ALL PROPERTIES ALIKE IN THE IMMEDIATEVICINITY
O? S::-IIS PRC:?ER::'Y Fl\[D ~i.\ TI-~IS USE DIST:.{ICT 3ZC.Z:.USB
(3)THE VARI&~CE WOULD NOT CFJiliGE THE CHARACTER OF
THE DISTRICT BECAUSE:
C.A SPECIAL USE PERMIT TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS
----~-...
APPEAL
}\PPElili NO. . _~ DATE I!I---t-:-/ /
':20 THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS,' Tm"~FV-I-LLAGE' OF(//.:/,4/.~,...... ,'D.r;:;w YORK
I ~~-\r/:/""/h :<"flt ::")fr/// of 1c; ,fee lid I- C //
/ (Name of Applicant) (Street and Number)
l'J?'/I/, >..,,/.I.r , /1/" ,/,-/ ,HEREBY APPEAL TO THE ZONING
/>' / ( " 1') (t)
Munlclpa lty Sate
BO~~~ OF APPEALS FROM THE DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~~NT OFFICER
ON APPLICATION FOR BUILDING PE~~IT NO ,DATED ,19
WHER33Y THE E~~ORCEMENT OFFICER DID
( ) GR.=L'JT
( v) DE~-Y TO
.19 ()
OF
/-1'::/1 ,Y/r:' iT.~> Gst(;/~/
(Na~e of Applicant for Permit)
'10 ,)((.71 /l(.(~ JLJA'r///'/c'r/r hP/!.j-
(S~reet and Number) Municipality)
( /') A PER...'\1IT FOR USE
( ) A CERTIFICATE OF OCCUP&~CY
) A SPECIAL USE PERMIT OR EXTENSION THEREOF
) A CERTIFICATE OF EXISTING USE
.L. CSJ'",Fi. II/i.t.. I:~"'rl{/- /:.r,f .J^, 'rl. t'/-' />././
Location of the Propertyo Street and
/!/.-,: / Y:: /A
State
(Use District
2. PROVISIONS(s) OF THE ZONING ORRIN~~CE APPEALED.
the Article) $
sectiono Subsection and Paragraph of the Zoning Ordinance
being Appe~ledo BY ~uMBER Do NOT QUOTE THE ORDINANCE.
. -1,_-;-,_ i , I ,,",'. ~, '/ .... '/' rr., " / i
l /,-. L-A"", .'..{. :' l-f- . ,'f'--";,A... ...{ "':..., LJ-. ,.1. .{ '- - '---:. " "_.:" '. , /
3. TYPE OF APPEAL,' Appeal is made herewith fort ;I .
( )AN INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONrNG ORDINANCE
OR ZONING MAP
(vrA VARIANCE TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE OR
ZONING MAP
( ) SPECIAL USE PE~lIT TO THE ZONING
ORDINANCE OR ZONING MAP
~. PREVIOUS APPEAL. A Previous Appeal ( ) Has J (of'" HAS NOT
BEEN YUillE WITH RESPECT TO THIS DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~~NT
08FICER OR WITH RESPECT TO THIS PROPERTY. SUCH APPEAL (s)
WAS (WERE) IN THE FORM OF ( ) A REQUESTED INTERPRETATION,
( ) A REQUEST FOR VARIANCE, ( ) A REQUEST FOR A SPECIAL
USE PERMIT Ai'JD WAS (WERE) MADE IN APPEAL NO.___, DATED
19
5. REASON FOR APPEAL.
sheet if necessary)
a. INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINAi'JCE IS REQUESTED
Because:
~,/ ):," I 71 of..,.... //" /i...../~ l'f j) .;L (>
Number or other Identificat-
ion
on ZoninG H2.n)
(indicate
(Complete Relevant Blank. Use extra
B. A VARIAi~CE TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS REQUESTED For
these reasons:
(All Reasons must be answered)
(1) TTHE~,PROPERTY IN QUESTION WILL NOT YIELD A
REASONABLE RETURN IF DEVELOPED WITHIN THE
REQUIRE~illNTS OF THE DISTRICT WITHIN WHICH
SITUATED BECAUSE: /'t IS /J -r;-/!/).cr ;1'rr/f
(2)THE HARSHIP CREATED IS u~IQUE A-~ IS NOT SBJffiED
BY ALL PROPERTIES ALIKE IN THE I~Y~DIATEVICINITY
02 TI-:lIS ?RO?ERTY _:':"'7:J I:L\" ~'}':IS .C.S2 D:S:r~ICS.i 33C~;:US::;
//t L /." (./['4"' ..- I:;~.:,' /./'":~'/7>,o.. 5- /-;/~ .-(:.:' ~r /')_~~'/'-_',/Cf- /..~ /v 1>-// /,1 .......'- /<':-IF'-r J'
(3)T~~ VARI~~CE WOULD NOT CHANGE THE CHARACTER OF
THE DISTRICT BECAUSE: /i I J /VL:?, /1 (/"/1//<"'/ /lrC'/;
C.A SPECIAL USE PEm1IT'TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS
-'
APPEAL
A?PZ.P-..L NO.
I
/
/
DATE II f/ //"h It} . 19 t J
TOWN":' V-I-LLP.GE OF !~/",. <, . ?.r ,N7::'I'7 YORK
11 SOL-HI. /It/C/ '
(street and Nmnber)
, HEREBY APPEAL TO THE ZONING
TO Trill ZONING BOARD OF APPEFLS, .
I .(.we') l!::, Ii- ,I-., c' f 1'~/ f (;'/ r /1/ 0 f
(Name of Applicant)
I,:! /. (/;//",~", 1<"7 ':"1-.\ J,/ y.
(Municipality) (State)
BOARD OF APPEALS FROM THE DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~gNT OFFICER
ON APPLICATION FOR BUILDING PER~IT NO ,DATED /19
W:3REBY THE ENFORCEV~NT OFFICER DID
) GRP.NT
)DE:-IT TO
(N~~e of Applicant for Permit)
OF
) ,
(Street and Nlli~~er) Municipality) State
('./) P. PER.~IT FOR USE
( ) A CERTIFICATE OF OCCUPANCY
( ) A SPECIAL USE PEN~IT OR EXTENSION THEREOF
( ) A CERTIFICATE OF EXISTING USE
! Cr/)"r<., '-II;"! fA/'7cI- .~D:}-c)
Location of the Property) Street and Number or other Identificat-
ion
(Use District on Zonlnq Mao)
2. PROVISIONS(s) OF THE ZONING ORRINfu~CE APPE.;LED. (indicate
the Article) "
Section) Subsection and Paragraph of the Zoning Ordinance
being Appealed) BY W0MBER Do NOT QUOTE THE ORDINF.NCE.
)tCI/c'/'/ .c,!;L I
3. TYPE OF APPEAL/ Appeal is made herewith for:
( ) Ai'J INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINfu'\JCE
OR ZONING HAP
(yJA V.~IAi'JCE TO THE ZONING ORDINlL'JCE OR
ZONING 1-1..!l"P
( ) SPECIFL USE PER~IT TO THE ZONING
ORDINANCE OR ZONING V.L.!l"P no.;.s J. . 1
f.... PREVIOUS APPE.;L. A Previous Appeal -(-;"J"'Has) ..{.) ''S.~~OT
3=~N l~~E WITH RESPECT TO THIS DECISION OF THE ENFORCE~ffiN~
83FICER OR vITTH RESPECT TO THIS PROPERTY. SUCH APPEAL (s)
WAS (v8RE) IN T~~ FORM OF ( ) A REQUESTED I~~ERPRETATION,
(~) A REQUEST FOR VF~I&'\JCE, ( ) A REQUEST FOR A SPECIAL
USE PERMIT ~"D WAS (WERE) !vlADE IN APPEAL NoH; "'/'iiY D.!l"TED
19
S. REp~ON FOR APPEAL. (Complete Relevant Blank. Use extra
sheet if necessary)
a. INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS REQu~STED
Because:
B. A V~~IpECE TO Tr~ ZONING ORDIN&~CE IS REQUESTED For
these reasons:
(All Reasons must be answered)
(1) TT=-3.,;PROPERTY IN QUESTION WILL NOT YIELD A
REASON.~LE RETU&~ IF DEVELOPED WITHIN Th~
REQUIRE}illNTS OF THE DISTRICT WITHIN WHICH
SI'l'UATED BECAUSE:- I; /5 ,).:r,-r">_/j rl Tr,',lc><'
(2)THE HARSHIP CREATED IS UNIQUE ~~ IS NOT SP~n.RED
3Y ~L~ ?RC?2R~IES A~!:G I~ T:3 :)~.w~D:~?EV:CIXITY
OF Tn~S PROPERTY F~U I~ THIS USE DISTRICT BECAUSE
/";', ~>. T / <. ;?:'''''.~; -; :). / '-'-:",-, ~ .:-/.~_/ 8 -./ j .r,"'; I:"~:" {..S
(3)Tr~ VARI;U~CE WOULD NOT C~'\JGE THE CP~n.RACTER OF
THE DISTRICT BECAUSE: '! /f 7,(f;/!/;:r- /J 5' /J 7/~r-t /-.'
C.A SPECI.n.L USE PE&~IT TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE IS
..
ACTION
1
TO 'u'-'ll"'''"-'')-r~,,,~t.... f',.,,1~t.\'''t APPELLANT "'''9 :-'"'''''''''':'~ /""-Jt..f""',
SUBJECT: ACTION OF THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS OF ';.'-:1";-;';1 I," f ,",:' ....~;-I~-Br
NEW YORK
REFERENCE:, APPEAL NO. 7' DATED '~L".!!"1""~3 ' 19_
AT A MEETING OF THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS ON f:-;>'"i?....":;~. 819_
THE REFERENCE APPEAL WAS CONSIDERED AND THE ACTION INDICATED BELOW
WAS TAKEN ON YOUR:
(!<) REQUEST OF AN INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINANCE
( ) REQUEST FOR A VARIANCE TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE
(( ) REQUESTTFOR A SPECIAL USE PERMIT TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE
~. INTERPRETATION. THE BOARD ADOPTED THE FOLLOWING RESOLUTION
WHICH STATES ITS INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINANCE AS RE_-
QUESTED IE: YOUR APPEAL ~~;':;:: _1t?-';~!~,n.F~n
(USE EXTRA SHEETS WHERE NECESSARY)
20 VARIANCE. BY RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD, IT WAS DETERMINED THAT
STRICT APPLICATION OF THE ORDINANCE WOULD ( ) WOULD NOT ( )
PRODUCE UNDUE HARSHIP FOR THESE -REASONS:
Ao THE, PROPERTY IN QUESTION WOULD ( ) WOULD NOT ( )
YIELD A REASONABLE RETURN IF LIMITED TO THE USE PERMITTED
UNDER THE ORDINANCE, BECAUSE
Bo THE HARDSHIP CREATED IS ( ), IS NOT ( ) UNIQUE AND
WOULD ( ), WOULD NOT ( ) BE SHARED BY ALL PROPERTIES ALIKE
IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE PROPERTY AND IN THE SAME
USE DISTRICT, BECAUSE:
Co THE VARIANCE WOULD ( ) WOULD NOT
CHARACTER OF THE DISTRICT, BBCAUSE:
( ) CHANGE THE
THEREFORE, IT WAS FURTHER DETERMINED THAT THE REQUESTED
VARIANCE BE GRANTED ( ) BE DENIED ( ) AND THAT THE PREVIOUS
DECIS ION OF THE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER M- CONFIRMED ( )
BE REVERSED ( ).
~. SPECIAL USE PERMIT 0 BY RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD IT WAS DETERMINED
THAT SPECIAL ~E PERMIT BE GRANTED () BE DENIED ( )?
4/ PURSUANT TO ARTICLE , SECTION , SUBSECTION
PARAGRAPH of the ZONING ORDINANCE, AND THE DECISION OF
THE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER BE REVERSED (0) BE CONFIRMED ( ),
BECAUSE:
8
(SIGSED) r-J- iJ . ~-~-c./l[~
CHAIRMAN, ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS
TOWN OF
~r;!\?~I~~G~
~~, ~~~l
fp.J[4."1 ~...~~-1
""
..
( \ "'''''':l''''1
'::'.:'; j/ ~ ~
Co.
7 - nrs.
Henrietta Osten)
Gcotlon l}15.C3 ie :tnterpretod to tle$.U the En)ccial nux1'JOSC
.,,"".... V';"~f';1 1....,....,,~ 'W.',+r,"'" o....:r. 'l-ui1A'inrr i~ nt'''''u;'!- '''''''''(''<.'''''':;''0,''*01'
""-v.... "............_....... ___~.. ..._......._... __.(..... tJ _..~._.......~. ~ 1"Il'.s;Jw 0' \J\;.......\..1.,'-J~\:;U. ..
,..:,{",,'t""'''<''iO:-o,:1 b.~ +.~):" "t;; :'\4 "..-P t1:'\;tA r'.U"''''.,...+....')V\ ....,.p 'i.."k!':. 7Cc...~-..-
.J'..;....:..,,/'....-.__-:......."'.........-.. 'IiiiI'\i "-......... .._~..\4t..... J....., u.. V.!.-.:...,.....\J..:... V.o:.. v,w.""""..., ;.,j;...t...J.-(~
2cZul~tloco~ in c~Oo~d~Lce with t~o special permit ls~~od.
".
~
2.
IS REQUESTED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE , SECTION
SUBSECTION , PARAGRAPH____, OF THE ZONING
ORD INANCE, BECAUSE:.
SU'ifJE, ~OF NEW YORK }
}ss
COUNTY OF DUTCHESS }
Sworn to this
~d-
If
Z'@.Nll{G INSPECTOR
JC$lEFllr E~['UllE,WlG
Te.1. U7-9941
lUll Street
Wappingers Falls N~y~
I. ::!J ~
/ ;/
pv,~ 1/db-
SIGNATURE
DAY OF (}Q ~
19-~-?
/~ /~ If63 .
M..z:Lu ~~<-cJ6/ ~~ r
~ /k b ~ r U/~~-' 0U.
. ~4 tL ~ ~ ~u--.L
'~~.~.~. ?
O'Ct~~C /R'.Y-~
,2~:J~
H trtA/Zl/l-d. 7.;I1;;L
. Pk~ ~-
~vv<l-~ a~'
,fiE ~
ACTION
, '
REFERENCE:, APPEAL NO. 3 DATED
AT A MEETING OF THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS
THE REFERENCE APPEAL WAS CONSIDERED AND THE
WAS TAKEN ON YOUR:
( ) REQUEST OF AN INTERPRETATION OF THE ZONING ORDINANCE
( X) REQUEST FOR A VARIANCE TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE
(( ) REQUESTTFOR A SPECIAL USE PERMIT TO THE ZONING ORDINANCE
TO Henrietta Osten APPELLANT
SUBJECT: ACTION OF THE ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS OF the TOvm of Uappinger,
NEW YORK
April 4. , 19 63
ON Ar~11 1h g19-63-
ACTION 'INDICATED BELOW
20 VARIANCE. BY RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD, IT WAS DETERMINED THAT
STRICT APPLICATION OF THE ORDINANCE ~'YOt~ ( ) WOULD NOT (X)
PRODUCE UNDUE HARSHIP FOR THESE ,REASONS:
Ao THE PROPERTY IN QUESTION WOULD ( i) ~}~ ( )
YIELD A REASONABLE RETURN IF LIMITED TO THE USE PERMITTED
UNDER THE ORDINANCE, BECAUSE it can be used for residences, multiple
d-vrellinp;, etc., in accordance with the Zoning Ordinance.
Bo THE HARDSHIP CREATED n ( ), IS NOT (x) UNIQUE Al\1])
EO"'OC1k1: ( ), WOULD NOT (X) BE SHARED BY ALL PROPERTIES ALIKE
IN THE IMMEDIATE VICINITY OF THE PROPERTY AND IN THE SAME
USE DISTRICT, BECAUSE: this ~roperty borders on a conforming,
residential usap;e. '
Co THE VARIANCE WOULD ( X ) wtIDiJtj{JN~ () CHANGE THE
CHARACTER OF THE DISTRICT, BlCAUSE: it would increase a non-conforming
use as outlined in Section 416.02
THEREFORE, IT WAS FURTHER DETERMINED THAT THE REQUESTED
VARIANCE JSl:.X~m~( ) BE DltNIED (:x) AND THAT THE PREVIOUS
DECISION OF THE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER M.... CONFIRMED (X)
( ).
~.~PECI~ PERMI BY RES ION
THA~IAL RMIT RANTED
4./ PURSUANT TO' ARTICLE 4 , SECTION 421 , SUBSECTION 1
PARAGRAPH --- of the ZONING ORDINANCE, AND THE DECISION OF
THE ENFORCEMENT OFFICER BE-~~EDt ( G> BE CONFIRFIED (::&) g
BECAUSE: of considerations as exnla1ned above in Paragraphs a.b. &c.
g
~~, "\ . ( , ~'~'-., ;' (('
\. '. \' '.
(SIGSED) V\ ), ""; A,II, ~ J)) \'....1\",' ;.,~', ./
ACTING CHAIRMAN, ZONING BOARD OF APPEALS
'"
TOWN OF \iappinger
.... "... .
2.
I
IS REQUESTED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE 'f-
SUBSECTION ~ , PARAGRAPH--L-,
ORDINANCE, BECAUSE:.
, SECTION
OF THE ZONING
L.-(- 2- /
A~~PIt ~
SIGNATURE
Sworn to this
)
)ss
)
a;
J
<'
SU'iJE, ~OF NEW YORK
COUNTY OF DUTCHESS
NOTARY PUBLIC
DAY OF ork,') 19fa-;?
If t L~f
~~ill!0S INSPECTOR
~~~~~a E. LUDEWIG
~t€l.. AX7-9941
l'MtlLl Street
';~Ta..'P-1>1i-~~ :fuls ~ N . ~ y ~
.:;~:~~
SUPERVISOR
RICHARD H. LINGE
.JU.TICE OF' PEACE
.JOSEPH F. KELLY
EDWARD B. BEATTY
COUNCILMEN
GEORGE A. ROBINSON
MALCOLM I. HAlT
TOWN ATrORNEY
.JUDSON C. WILLIAMS
TOWN CLERK AND COLLECTOR
SUPT. 01" HIGHWAYS
HELEN L. TRAVIS
CHARLES E. MEWKILL. SR.
TOWN CL.ERK'S OFFICE
MILL. STREET
TOWN OF WAPPINGER
ASSESSORS
WAPPINGERS FALL.S. N. Y.
WILLIAM E. RUTLEDGE. CH.
HOWARD G. WINNE
STANLEY RIES
01"1"1" HOURS
II A. M. TO 12:30
1:30 TO 4 P. M.
April 3, 1963
r~s. Henrietta S. Osten
ojo Herman Osten
99 South Avenue
Wapp1ngers Falls, N.Y.
Dear l~s. Osten:
Enclosed you will find the original copy of the
action taken by the Town of Wappinger Zoning
Board of Appeals at their meeting April 2, 1963
in re. your appeal dated ~~ch 19. 1963.
Very truly yours.
t~s. John F. Evans, Secretary
Town ot Wappinger
Zoning Board of Appeals
Ene.
-
. . .'.
2.
,.
IS REQUESTED PURSUANT TO ARTICLE , SECTION
SUBSECTION , PARAGRAPH____, OF THE ZONING
ORDINANCE, BECAUSE:
.-~/M&
SIGNATURE
SUTE, ~OF NEW YORK )
) ss
COUNTY OF DUTCHESS )
Sworn to this
., Iytd
k~~A
DAY OF
CJ((~ <0 Q. ;;t;;/JAj
L..--1iOTARY PUB IC (j
19-~l.