006
GERALD A. VERGILlS *
KENNETH M. STENGER
ALBERT P. ROBERTS
THOMAS R. DAVIS
STEPHEN E. DIAMOND
JOAN F. GARRETI**
VERGILIS, STENGER, ROBERTS, DAVIS & DIAMOND LLP
ATTORNEYS AND COUNSELORS AT LAW
1136 ROUTE 9
WAPPINGERS FALLS, NEW YORK 12590
(845) 298-2000
FAX (845) 298-2842
Sender's e-mail address:jhoran@vsrp.com
OF COUNSEL:
KAREN MacNISH
LEGAL ASSISTANTS:
AMY E. DECARLO
MARIA L. JONES
SANDRA OAKLEY
CLOSING COORDINATOR:
SUSAN E. CAFFINE
KEVIN T. McDERMOTI
ANGEL 1. FALCON
ANTHONY M. DEF AZIO***
JAMES P. HORAN***
LISA M. COBB
* ADMITTED TO PRACTICE
IN NY & FLA.
*' ADMITTED TO PRACTICE
IN NY & CONN.
'" ADMITTED TO PRACTICE
IN NY & NJ
July 16, 2009
POUGHKEEPSIE OFFICE
276 MAIN MALL
POUGHKEEPSIE, NY 12601
(845) 452-1046
NEWBURGH OFFICE
299 N. PLANK ROAD, SUITE 106
NEWBURGH, NY 12550
(845) 567-3783
Via Facsimile 518-474-5119 & First Class Mail
Re: Tax Warrant/Tax Levy
Town of Wappinger
Grinnell Library Funding
RECEIVED
JUL 11 2009
70"".
rvlV CLERk
Mitchell Morris, Esq.
Department of Audit and Control
Alfred E. Smith Building
State Office Building
Albany, New York 12236
Dear Mr. Morris:
Please be advised I represent the Town of Wappinger, Dutchess County, New York. By letter
dated March 31, 2009 sent to you via fax and first class mail, I had requested guidance on how
the Town of Wappinger could make up a $28,000.00 shortfall in the tax levy with respect to the
funding for the Grinnell Library. A copy of my letter of March 31, 2009 is enclosed. To date we
have not received a response and time is becoming critical. Accordingly, I respectfully request
that you provide some guidance as quickly as possible.
To summarize, the voters of the Town of Wappinger approved a proposition pursuant to
Education Law S259 (1 )(b)(1) which authorized increasing funding for the Grinnell Library to
the sum of $542,874.00 at the 2008 General Election. Since my letter of March 31,2009, my
office completed a more detailed investigation. It now appears that the amount of funding for the
Grinnell Library was incorrectly reported to the Dutchess County Real Property Tax Department
in preparation ofthe Tax Warrant for the Town of Wappinger. The amount reported, and
subsequently levied for the Grinnell Library was the sum of$514,874.00 which was $28,000.00
less than the amount approved by the voters.
As previously reported, I find no authority for a supplemental tax levy, and even if one were
permitted, the cost to do so would be prohibitive. To complicate matters, our subsequent research
has disclosed additional issues which require clarification.
The immediate issue is how to fund the $28,000.00 shortfall between the amount approved by
the voters pursuant to Education Law s259(1)(b)(l) and the amount collected by the tax levy. In
C:\Documents and Settings\Chris Masterson\Local Settings\Temporary Internet Files\OLK4B\Letter 2009-07-16 to Mitch Morris re shortfall of
tax levy.doc
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Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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accordance with 15 Opinion State Comptroller 14,1959, may the Town Board, by resolution,
transfer surplus funds, unexpended balances, or contingent funds of an authorized borrowing to
the library to make up the $28,000.00 shortfall? At present, it appears the most viable option for
the Town is to borrow the $28,000.00 and then appropriate an amount in the 2010 Town Budget
to repay the amount borrowed.
It is respectfully requested that this question be addressed with all deliberate speed.
ADDITIONAL QUESTIONS PRESENTED
As noted, our research has raised additional questions which will require resolution prior to the
submission of the Supervisor's tentative budget for 20 10. These questions are also of interest to
the Grinnell Library.
1) Maya Town Board, as an authority named in Education Law ~ 255 and pursuant to
Education Law ~ 259(1)(a), reduce appropriations for a library "by further vote" of the
Board where the voters of the Town passed a proposition to increase library funding
under Education Law ~ 259(1)(b)(1) at a General Election?
2) If question 1 is answered in the affirmative, when may a town board reduce the
appropriation for a library "by further vote?"
3) If question 1 is answered in the negative, please advise what, if any, statutory authority is
available to reduce library appropriations since a proposition to reduce library funding is
prohibited by Education Law ~ 259(1)(b)(1)?
4) Maya town board condition the funding of a Free Association Library by requiring the
entry into a contract for library services under Education Law S 256 where the voters of
the Town have successfully passed a proposition to increase library funding under
Education Law S 259(1 )(b )(1)?
5) Where a Free Association Library is unwilling to enter into a contract under Education
Law S 256, may a Town Board terminate funding even if there was a prior successful
vote to fund the library under Education Law S 259(1)(b )(1)?
6) In accordance with Op. State Compt. 67-771, is a Town prohibited from making lump
sum payments to a free association library when no contract is in place under Education
S 256?
7) If a Town enters into a contract for specifically defined library services with a free
association library under Education Law S 256 in return for a specific level of payments,
are the amount of payments increased by a vote of the electors under Education Law
S 259(1)(b)(1)?
8) Which voters of the Town, which includes one or more villages are entitled to vote under
Education Law S259(1)(b)(1)? The Grinnell Library is located in the Village of
Wappingers Falls; the Village is located partly within the Town of Poughkeepsie and
partly within the Town of Wappinger. The Village ofWappingers Falls provides separate
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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funding for the Grinnell Library. Are those residents of the Village who are located in the
Town also entitled to vote on the Town's appropriation to the library?
9) Are Library Districts subject to Education Law S259(1 )(b)(1)?
BRIEF HISTORY
The Grinnell Library Association is chartered by the New York State Board of Regents as a
"Free Association Library." An Association Library is a private entity established and controlled
by private individuals. Free means that the library is "maintained for the benefit and free use on
equal terms of all the people of the community in which the library is located." NY Education
Law S253(2). Grinnell Library Association is not a public library. The Town Clerk has no record
of a contract between the Grinnell Library Association and the Town of Wappinger under
Education Law S 256.
At the November 2001 general election the voters of the Town approved a proposition to
increase the annual contribution ofthe Town of Wappinger for the operating budget of Grinnell
Library Association from $100,000 to the sum of$314,874 annually.
In 2002, the Town of Wappinger investigated the creation of a library district for Grinnell
Library; however, the Education Department informed the Town that creation of such a library
district could not take place without the consent of the Grinnell Library Association. Pursuant to
Chapter 652 ofthe Laws of2002, the Legislature authorized the Town of Wappinger to have the
statement of taxes show on a separate line "the amount of any tax or other charge levied by or on
behalf of such town for purposes of the Grinnell Library Association." The Town Board adopted
a resolution to create a line entry for the Grinnell Library and notified Dutchess County of such
action. Dutchess County incorrectly notes that taxes are for the "Grinnell Library District." No
district has been created.
2008 Vote
In 2008, a petition was presented and signed by the necessary 10% of the voters which got the
question on the ballot at the 2008 General Election. The petition stated:
Shall the annual contribution of the Town of Wappinger for the
operating budget of the Grinnell Library Association be increased
by the sum of $228,000 dollars to the sum of $542,874 dollars
annually?
The proposition was approved by the voters of the Town of Wappinger with 3,133 in favor and
2,647 opposed.
Grinnell Library also receives funding from the Town of Poughkeepsie and the Village of
Wappingers Falls. It is our understanding that the proposition to increase funding did not appear
on the ballot in the Town of Poughkeepsie or the Village ofWappingers Falls. All voters in the
Town of Wappinger voted on the proposition including the voters within the Village of
Wappingers Falls.
The Town of Poughkeepsie has a contract with Grinnell Library and appropriates $50,000 for
library purposes. Residents of that portion of the Village ofWappingers Falls that lies within the
Town of Poughkeepsie, receive their library services from Grinnell Library. Other Poughkeepsie
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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residents are provided library services by the Greater Poughkeepsie Library District. The Village
ofWappingers Falls appropriated $35,000 for the Grinnell Library in its 2008-2009 Budget.
2009 Town Budeet
The Town of Wappinger 2009 Final Budget appropriated $514,874.00. $314,874.00 was
appropriated in 2007 and 2008. Dutchess County issued a tax warrant for $514,874.00. The
Town Tax Collector has turned over $514,874.00 to the Grinnell Library Association. A shortfall
of$28,000.00 remains, assuming the appropriation for the library cannot be reduced.
The Town Board wishes to enter into a contract with Grinnell Library Association which would
provide the Town Board with some oversight over the Town funds appropriated to the library
and some guarantees as to the services that would be received by the residents of the Town. The
Town is also concerned that it is providing a markedly disproportionate amount of funding for
the library.
LEGAL BACKGROUND
Education Law S 259(1 )(a) provides:
Taxes, in addition to those otherwise authorized, may be voted for
library purposes by any authority named in section two hundred
fifty-five of this part and shall, unless otherwise directed by such
vote, be considered as annual appropriations therefor until changed
by further vote and shall be levied and collected yearly, or as
directed, as are other general taxes.
Education Law S 255 sets forth the following authorities for levying taxes: the electors of "any
county, city, village, town, school district or other body authorized to levy and collect taxes;" or
the governing elected body of a county, city, town or village. The electors of a Town and a Town
Board are both authorities under Education Law S255.
The petition provisions of Education Law S 259( 1 )(b)( 1) were added by Chapter 414 of the Laws
of 1995. Senator Farley's Sponsor's Memo stated:
This bill would permit concerned citizens to place the question of
increased library funding directly on a local ballot, and would thus
allow local taxpayers to affirmatively opt for increased local
funding. The mechanism is similar to the existing funding votes
undertaken in school district public libraries. 1
The drafters of Chapter 414 failed to understand a crucial difference between school districts and
other municipalities; school district budgets are subject to vote by the electors each year, while
the budgets of counties, cities, towns and villages are not subject to the vote of the electors. This
crucial distinction manifests itself in Education Law S255 as well. In the case of a school district,
the electors of the district are authorities, but the Board of Trustees of the School District is not.
In the case of a town, the electors of a Town are an authority and the Town Board is also an
authority under Education Law S255.
1 Education Law ~2008(2) provides the electors of a school district to vote on an increase in library funding. See,
Appeal of the Beaver Falls Librarv, 43 Educ. Dept. Rpts. _, Jud. Dec. No, 15,002,2003.
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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"Further Vote" bv What Authoritv?
Education Law 9 259(1)(a) provides that any authority under 9255 may vote to levy taxes for
library purposes, and such vote shall be considered an annual appropriation, unless the original
vote stated otherwise, or the appropriation is "changed by further vote."
In the case of a school district, the electors are the only authority under 9255, so it is they who
must cast the further vote. There are a number of court decisions, opinions of the Comptroller
and the Education Commissioner that indicates that annual funding shall continue until the voters
declare otherwise. Peninsula Public Library v. Board of Education of Union Free School District
No. 15. Town of Hempstead, New York Law Journal, June 2, 1959, p.15, coI.3; Locust Valley
Library et at v. Board of Education of Central School District No.3 of the Town of Oyster Bay,
54 Misc. 2d. 315,282 NYS 2d 376 (Sup. Ct. Nassau Cty. 1967); 1 Educ. Dept. Rpts. 715, Formal
Op. of Counsel No.8, 1951; 26 Op. State Compt. 117 (1970); 29 Educ. Dept. Rpts. 316, Jud.
Dec. No. 12,306,1990; Op. State Comp, 1992 No. 92-28; Appeal of Jack L. Cole et aI., 37
Educ. Dept. Rpts. 407 1998; Appeal ofthe Beaver Falls Library, 43 Educ. Dept. Rpts. _, Jud.
Dec. No, 15,002,2003; Appeal of the Board of Trustees of the New Rochelle Public Library, 42
Educ .Dept.Rpts. _, Jud. Dec. No. 14,827, 2002}
In the case of the New Rochelle Public Library, the Commissioner of Education opined: "The
statute contemplates that any authorized authority may vote to levy a tax which shall be
considered an annual appropriation unless changed by "further vote" of that same authority (see,
e.g., 7 Gp. State Compt. 70, 1951)." It should be noted that Education Law 9259(1)(a) does not
use the language "same authority" in conjunction with "further vote." In the case of a school
district, the further vote must be by the same authority, since a school district has only one
authority under 9255, the same is not true in a Town. Education Law 9259(1)(a) does mention
"any authority" in respect to voting the original appropriation, however the statute is silent as to
whether "any authority" or the same authority may conduct the "further vote" to change the
appropriation. That ambiguity is the catalyst for the instant request for an opinion.
Because the electors of a school district are the only authority that may change a library
appropriation in a school district, those cases are not controlling with respect to a Town. In the
case of a Town, the electors and the Town Board are both authorities under 9255 and either may
establish a public library and set an initial annual appropriation for the library. The wording of
Education Law 9259(1)(a), does not prohibit one authority from changing the appropriation of
the other authority.
Prior Comptroller Opinions re Municipal Public Libraries
My research has uncovered four Comptroller's Opinions that interpret Education Law 9259 as it
applies to taxes for Town and Village libraries; however, all ofthose opinions were issued prior
to the amendment creating Education Law 9 259(1)(b)(1) in 1995. The opinions seem to be split
as to whether a governing board has the authority to change an appropriation set by the voters.
The latest opinion, Op. State Compt. 83-96 indicates that a municipal public library has no
authority to mandate the amount of money appropriated by the sponsoring municipality.
Obviously, Education Law 9 259(1)(b)(1) supersedes that opinion, but to what extent? Earlier
opinions indicate that a Town Board may not change the appropriation for a municipal public
2 Op. State Compt. 63-176 reaches the conclusion that the appropriation is not an annual one. This opinion appears
to conflict with those listed above. It is suggested that this opinion is erroneous.
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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library where an amount has been set by the voters. See, 4 Op. State Compt. 97 (1948); 7 Op.
State Compt. 70 (1951); 16 Gp. State Compt. 495 (1960); 29 Gp. State Compt. 194, (1973).
As all of these opinions predate the 1995 amendments, a determination as to their continuing
applicability is requested.
Education Law ~ 259(1) (b) (1) Onlv Allows Petition to Increase Fundim!
In George F. Johnson Memorial Library v. Town Bd. of Town of Union, 55 A.D.3d 1036, 865
N.Y.S.2d 727 (3d Dept. 2008), the Third Department held that Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1)
prohibits a petition to decrease library appropriations. In a footnote, the Third Department
indicated that a Town Board may have other ways to decrease appropriations for libraries. It is
suggested, that the Third Department is alluding to the fact that the Town Board is an authority
under S 255 that may change the appropriation as suggested above.
If only the voters in a town may change library appropriations after a proposition under
Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1) is adopted by the voters, then the decision in George F. Johnson
Memorial Library means that library funding may never be decreased, since Education Law
S 259(1)(b)(1) does not allow for a vote to decrease funding.
How Lon1!Must Town Board Wait
If a Town Board may lower the appropriation for library purposes after the adoption of a
proposition under Education Law S 259(1 )(b)(1), there is a question as to when a Town Board
may lower the appropriation since the statute is silent in that regard.
Education Law S 259(1 )(b)(1) provides that the vote on the proposal takes place during the
General Election. In the case of a Town that is November. Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1) law
provides that it does not affect the budget in existence at the time ofthe vote, so the November
vote could only effect the appropriation for the next fiscal year beginning in the ensuing January.
Education Law S 259( 1 )(b)( 1) creates turmoil in the town budgeting process because the vote
takes place in the middle of the budget process. Pursuant to Town Law S 1 06(2), the tentative
Town Budget must be filed by September 30. Pursuant to Town Law S109(2), the final Town
Budget must be adopted by November 20.
In the case ofthe Grinnell Library Vote, the proposition adopted is broadly worded:
Shall the annual contribution of the Town of Wappinger for the
operating budget of the Grinnell Library Association be increased
by the sum of $228,000 dollars to the sum of $542,874 dollars
annually?
This proposition places no limitations as to "further vote" by the electors or the Town Board.
Assuming that a Town Board can reduce the library appropriation after the adoption of a
proposition under Education Law S 259(1 )(b )(1), the statute must be read so that the vote has
meaning, that is, a Town Board may not have a "further vote" to reduce library funding on
November 20, after the voters appropriated a greater amount at the general election on
November 8. If that were the case, the vote would have no meaning. It is submitted, that if the
Town Board may reduce library appropriations by "further vote" it must wait until the second
fiscal year after the vote is approved, unless the vote says otherwise.
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
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Pavment to Free Association Librarv Without Contract
The New York State Constitution prohibits municipalities from making gifts to public entities,
however, the Courts have ruled that a statute allowing grants and contracts with a free
association library is allowed by the NY Constitution. Petker v. City of New York, 87 Misc.2d
534,385 N.Y.S.2d 495 (Sup. Ct. 1976). A municipality may fund an Association Library by
contract or grant pursuant to Education Law S 256.
Education Law S256(1) provides that a municipality may individually or jointly with another
municipality:
grant money for the support of the cost of maintaining or the cost
of any capital improvements to or expenditure for one or more:
free association libraries, provided such libraries are registered by
the regents; .. .or ... contract with the trustees of a free association
library registered by the regents, . . . to furnish library services to
the people of the municipality, district or reservation for whose
benefit the contract is made, under such terms and conditions as
may be stated in such contract.
Education Law S 259(1 )(b)(1) authorizes a petition to provide funding for a free association
library. As stated in the document INCH BY INCH, Row BY Row (January 2009 ed.), published by
the Mid-Hudson Library System and available at midhudson.org/trustee/414mhls.pdf, there is no
requirement in Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1) that the library even be located within or near the
municipality where the vote takes place. There is no requirement in Education Law
S 259( 1)(b)( 1) that a free association library even provide services to the residents of a
municipality to receive a grant. This is arguably true because Education Law S 256 does not
require any relationship between a municipality and library to make a grant.
At present, Grinnell Library has no contractual obligation to provide library services to residents
ofthe Town of Wappinger, so any appropriation must be viewed as a grant allowed under
Education Law S256. The voters ofthe Town of Wappinger have directed that a grant of
$542,874.00 dollars be annually appropriated without conditions.
Op. State Compt. 67-771 prohibits the Town from making a lump sum payment to the library
without a contract in place. Appropriations must be held by the Town's fiscal officer and paid
out on vouchers from the library trustees. Is Op. State Compt. 67-771 still valid in light of
Chapter 414 ofthe Laws of 1995?
ReQuirine A Contract Under Education Law ~ 256
Prior to the enactment of Education Law S 259(1 )(b)(1), a Town had the right to deny payments
to a free association library unless it entered into a contract for library services. The enactment of
Education Law S 259(1 )(b)( 1) brings into question a municipality's bargaining power with a
Free Association Library. It is unclear what effect Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1) has on the
provisions of Education Law S 256.
May the Town of Wappinger condition the payment of funds authorized by a vote upon the entry
into a contract to provide library services to Town residents? Prior opinions of the Attorney
General and the Comptroller indicate that contracts are strongly favored. 1961N.Y. Gp. Atty.
Gen. No. 141; Gp. State Compt. 74-1097; Op. State Compt. 76-391.
Vergilis, Stenger Roberts, Davis & Diamond LLP
Request for Comptroller's Opinion
Page80f8
.
Which Voters Get to Vote on the Proposition
Education Law S 256(2) provides:
2. When the municipality agreeing to make the payment or grant is
a town in which there are one or more incorporated villages, which
village or villages jointly with such town contract with the trustees
of a cooperative library system, a free association library or with
another municipal district or body having control of a public
library whether or not such district or body is an incorporated
village in such town, the amount appropriated by the town board in
such town shall be a charge upon the taxable property of that part
of the town outside of any such incorporated village.
The Town of Wappinger and the Village ofWappingers Falls, a portion of which lies within the
Town of Wappinger, both provide grants to the Grinnell Library. As a result of the vote, the
Town of Wappinger makes a grant of $542,874 and the Village provided a grant of$35,000.00
in its most recent budget. There is no formal agreement between the Town and the Village
regarding the funding of Grinnell Library.
Since there is no agreement between the Town and the Village as to support of the Grinnell
Library, is the Town's appropriation for the Library a charge upon the whole town or is it only a
charge "upon the taxable property of that part of the town outside of any such incorporated
village. "
This raises are corollary issue regarding a proposition under Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1). If the
funding to support Grinnell Library is a charge "upon the taxable property of that part of the
town outside of any such incorporated village" may voters within an incorporated village vote on
a proposition under Education Law S 259(1)(b)(1)?
Your prompt attention to these questions is urgently and respectfully requested. Please contact
me if you have any questions.
Very truly yours,
VERGILIS, STENGER, ROBERTS & DAVIS, LLP
ALBERT P. ROBERTS
JAMES P. HORAN
APR/jm
cc: Senator Steven Saland
Assemblyman Joel Miller
Supervisor Christopher J. Colsey
Town Board
Douglas Goodfriend, Esq.
Roderick MacLeod, Esq. Grinnell Library Trustee
Thomas Mahar, Esq.