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1990-04-30 c~ r 1 OVEROCKER ROAD POUGHKEEPSIE~ NY 12603 PLANNING DEPARtMENT FILE COpy ffomn 0/ (!J~ " PHONE NUMBER (914) 485-3657 Ml\Y 0 8. 90 f..pril 30, 1990 TO: Town Board Members Zoning Board Members Dutchess County Planning Master plan Committee City of poughkeepsie ,Town of Hyde Park Town of LaGrange / ~own of Wappingers Town of Lloyd Orange County Ulster County Town of Marlborough Town of Newburgh Town of Pleasant Valley All Interested and/or Involved Agencies: The Town of poughkeepsie Planning Board has declared themselves Lead Agency for the Draft Master plan for the Town of poughkeepsie. If you have any objections to this plaase respond within thirty (30) days of the date of this letter to Wilson Shook, Town of poughkeepsie Planning Departmen~, 1 Overacker Road. poughkeepsie, NY 12603. Also, please advise us of any SEQR cc~cerns you may ha~e at this time. SiEcerely, :D. JylLt~jUi1flA1l (Li.lli ) Donald Fullam, V Chairman, Planning Board DF:mf Enc. PART TWO DRAFf GENERIC ENVIRONMETNAL IMPACT STATEMENT ...::~ . ..~..- PART TWO DRAFf GENERIC ENVIRONMENTAL Il\1PACT STATEMENT Page I. INTRODUCTION 59 II. DESCRIPTION OF PROPOSED ACTION 60 III. ENVIRONMENTAL SEITING, SIGNIFICANT Th1PACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 63 A. Land Use 63 1. Arlington 63 2. Route 9 Corridor 64 3. Red Oaks Mills - Spackenkill 65 4. Southwest - New Hamburg 65 5. Fairview 66 6. Northeast - Rochdale 67 7. Summary of Land Use 68 B. Environment 69 C. Housing 69 D. Transportation 70 E. Water and Sewer 71 F. Parks, Recreation and Open Space 72 G. Educational Facilities 72 H. Public Safety 73 I. Economic Development 74 J. Summary of Mitigation Measures 74 IV. UNAVOIDABLE ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS 75 V. IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEV ABLE co~\nvfr:-MEr,ryS OF RESOURCES 76 VI. GROWTH INDUCING IMPACTS 77 Page VII. EFFECTS ON THE USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY 78 VIII. ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED ACTION 79 -";~- "~ 1. INTRODUCTION This draft Generic Environmental Impact Statement, prepared as the final stage of the Town of Poughkeepsie Master Plan, is intended to identify the primary anticipated impacts of the Master Plan and to examine how the proposals in the Master Plan have addressed those impacts. This statement is prepared in compliance with Section 8-019 of the New York State Environmental Quality Review Act (SEQRA). The proposed action is the adoption of a Master Plan for the Town of Poughkeepsie. County of Dutchess, State of New York, by the Town of Poughkeepsie Planning Board and Town Board. This action is considered a Type I Action under SEQR regulations. Because the J\lastcr Plan addresscs a broad range of land use policies ami recommendations, 3. .. gencric" Environmental Impact Statement has been prepared for this action. In accordance with the provisions of Section 617.15 of SEQR, generic or generalized impact analyses can be utilized for actions which may not have specifically definable impacts. The adoption of a Master Plan does not have a set of specifically definable environmental impacts that can be easily identified. However, specific development proposals mad_e within the fram~work of the Plan could have specific impacts, and will therefore require site-specific Environmental Impact Statements. 59 II. DESCRIVIION OF THE PROPOSED ACTION The proposed action is the adoption of a Master Plan for the Town of Poughkeepsie, New York, by the Planning Board and Town Board. This Plan is a statement of the goals and objectives for development and land use within the Town over the next ten to twenty years. Changing conditions in the Town have necessitated that the existing Master Plan, completed in 1971, be revised and updated to reflect current issues and concerns. Thus, the proposed Master Plan incorporates more recent issues with those from the earlier plan that continue to be important to the commumtv. The master planning process was initiated in 1987 and was conducted by RPPW, Inc.. under the supervision of Stuart Turner, AICP. A Phase I Draft was completed and delivered to the Town in March, 1988. Stuart Turner & Associates was established in May, 1988. A Phase II Second Draft was completed by Stuart Turner and Associates in October, 1988. The Phase II document contains specific recommendations and a land use plan which reflects the concerns of the Planning Board, Town Board, and the community at large. The Master Plan Committee completed its review in late 1989. Master Plan Recommendations The proposed Master Plan is discussed in detail in Part I of this document. The overall goal of the Master Plan is to preserve the existing suburban character of the Town. Approximately one quarter of the land in the Town is currently undeveloped. It is anticipated that few development opportunities will exist once the next wave of development is completed. In addition, a number of development constraints exist which will limit the type and intensity of development that can occur. Specific principles to achieve the Plan's overall goal include: ~ Maintaining the quality of its residential neighborhoods; ~ Enhancing the Town's natural environment; ~ Providing greater public access to the Hudson River; ~ Improving the Town's aesthetic characteristics; ~ Fostering economic growth to enhance the tax base. and provide employment opportunities; and 60 .. Providing for the overall public needs of its residents in ('[lier to ensure a high quality of life. To effectuate these principles and hence achieve the Master Plan's overall goal, various land use designations have been established for each area of the Town. These land use designations. when translated into zoning law revisions, will enforce the desired direction of the Plan. . I. Lo\',; Density (less than I unit per acre) Intended to :lllo\v single family homes. with clustering permitted, on lots of one or two acres in areas not served by sewers. Applies mostly to areas characterized by steep slopes, wetlands, and other physical development constraints. ..., Low-Medium Densitv (less than 2 units per acre) Includes established neighborhoods already developed to this density and undeveloped land interspersed within. Undeveloped land should be served by Town water and potentially within the service area of a central sewer system. Some lands may be subject to physical development constraints. 3. Medium Density (2 to 5 units per acre) Includes most established neighborhoods in Poughkeepsie. Allows single-family subdivisions on 10,000 or 15,000 square foot lots and cluster townhouse developments. Undeveloped land should be adequately served by utilities and roads and should be free of major development constraints. 4. High Densitv - Low Rise (5-12 units per acre) Includes two story, garden type multi-family complexes, both rental and owner occupied. Undeveloped lands in this category will be located near the activity centers of the Town, where there is direct access to utilities and to an arterial or major collector, and where there will be no adverse impacts on nearby low and medium density residential neighborhoods. 61 5. Commercial - Retail Land Uses Included are regional shopping malls and their associated commercial uses. highway commercial uses and neighborhood commercial centers. 6. Industrial Land Uses General industrial uses include free-standing. single story facilities for assembly and warehouse/distribution functions. 7. Office/Research Land Uses This category includes business park uses such as office, research. and light industrial uses developed in a unified manner and subject to architectural controls, high maintenance standards and extensive landscaping. 8. ,Special Use Area The New York Trap Rock quarry encompasses 1,200 acres along the Hudson River. When quarry operations ultimately cease, much of the land may remain in its natural state. Advance planning will contribute to finding an appropriate use for this land. 9. Parks and Open Space Additional open space areas are proposed. In particular, the Master Plan recommends a green belt along the full length of the Town's eastern border with Wappingers Creek, and another along the full length of the Town's western border with the Hudson River. 10. Public and Institutional Uses Existing land uses in this category encompass a disproportionate area of the Town when compared to most other similar communities. Thus, no additional public or institutional uses are recommended. 62 ~:XISTING ENVIRONr\1ENT AL \IITIGATION I\1EASURES SETTING, IMPACTS AND ,\ L3nd Use Ll.nd uses and environmental conditions in the Town of Poughkeepsie are diverse, with different uses and hen<;:e unique issues concentrated in various areas of the Town, For this reason, the Town was divided into six planning areas for the 0.1:lstcr Plan analysis and recommendations. Potential impacts and their mitigation cail best be evaluated separately for each individual planning area. A complete discussion of the environmental inventory is included in the Phase I report which is li1ciL:clcd as Part III of the Master Plan document. 1. Arlington Setting Arlington is the most urbanized neighborhood in the Town. The Raymond Avenue - Main Street area is 'the Town's principal mixed use center. Vassar College, several high density and single-family residential neighborhoods, Town and State offices and several large shopping centers are located in the Arlington planning area. Industrial uses are located primarily in the Maybrook corridor. Impacts The Master Plan calls for the development of a revitalization plan for the entire Arlington Business District. In addition, the Master Plan recommends that Burnett 'BouleVard continue to be the Town's administrative center, that medium density residential uses be preserved west of Vassar College, 'andthat'lightindustrial, office and research uses be developed more intensely along and with direct access to the future Ma ybrook Road. r.1 i ti ~ation Revitalizing the Arlington Business District will not only allow the District to maintain and expand its economic viability, but will also concentrate retail land uses in the business district area, away. from nearby residential uses. Increased traffic and demand for on-street parking could be mitigated by providing parking at a centralized location, which would serve to improve the flow of traffic through the area. 63 - The continuation of administrative activities on Burnett Boulevard does not represent a change from existing conditions and therefore does not require mitigation. However, the Master Plan recommends relocating maintenance operations to another location so that the visual appearance of the Burnett Boulevard site will be improved. This \vould gIve the police department the opportunity to expand when necessary. The development of more intense uses along the future Maybrook Road will be mitigated by extensive landscaping to create a parbvay atmosphere. Anticipated set-backs from the road will allow for eventual widening, thus providing for a smooth traffic flow v.:eII into the future. Detailed impact analyses will be required for larger uses in this corridor. 2. Route 9 Corridor Setting Route 9 from the Poughkeepsie City limits to Wappingers Creek is one of the principal economic centers of Dutchess County, containing the Galleria and South Hills Malls and several community centers. However, increasing traffic congestion is lessening the area's competitive advantage as newer, more easily accessible shopping and economic centers develop in the region. Also located on Route 9 is an IBM complex. Impact The Master Plan recommends that the Route 9 corridor be recognized as an important retail and employment center and that it be enhanced through better integration, improved aesthetic quality, and redevelopment of retail properties that are no longer viable. The IBM country club and Dutchess Golf and Country Club are to remain in their current use, and properties on the west side of Route 9 between Old Post Road an Sheafe Road are to be designated for medium density residential development. Mitigation Increased attention to more coordinated traffic control, improved pedestrian linkages between properties, more stringent sight controls, and architectural and landscaping standards will result in a better integrated, more unified corridor. Impacts from medium density residential uses as proposed between Old Post Road and She3,fe Road ~!Il be mitiga~ed .by.- dustenrig and by restri"ctlons to preserve siopes.~' Residential.u~s will 64 reduce potential traffic impacts that would occur if this area were to develop commercially. Non-residential uses will not be permitted to expand into residential neighborhoods, thereby protecting them from adverse impacts and helping to preserve the suburban character of the Town. 3. Red Oaks Mill - Spackenkill Setting This 3.r~ is predominantly single-family residential and all d\vellings are in generally sound condition. The only non-residential uses in this planning area are a neighborhood commercial center and the II3t.1 Boardman Road facility. Vassar Farm is the largest undeveloped tract of land in the ar~. Impact The existing development pattern will continue into the future, with undeveloped areas to be developed in a manner consistent with the existing pattern. The Red Oaks Mill commercial center should receive better access and landscaping, but no new commercial uses will be permitted. Vassar Farm will continue in its natural state. The Master Plan recommends that consideration will be given to establishing a community park and a City-Town library. Since the Master Plan is consistent with the existing deve!opment pattern, no potential significant negative impacts are anticipated. Maintaining the current development pattern will preserve the existing residential character of the area. ..1. Southwest - New Hamburg Sertin g The hamlet of New Hamburg is one of the Town's oldest neighborhoods, and includes a potential historic district. It is primarily residential, but some physical and economic deterioration has occurred. The New York Trap Rock Quarry, encompassing approximately 1,200 acres with almost two miles of shoreline along the Hudson River, is located in this planning area. 65 .... , I m pact The Master Plan calls for the preservation of Nevv' Hamburg's historic character, which to a large extent will be accomplished through adoption of a special zoning district and through the Waterfront Revitalization Plan. The Mt. Alvernia property, if developed for medium densitv residential use as proposed, may result in increased traffic. The ultimate use of the New York Trap Rock Quarry should be planned for cooperatively by the Town and Lone Star Industries. Potential impacts will depend on the type and intensity of development that is selected. rV1itigation To the the extent that a future plan for the quarry site suggests lJ.mJ conservation, this will mitigate the use of space elsewhere on the site for development purposes. However, development of both the quarry site and the Mt. Alvernia property could lead to a significant increase in demand for traffic carrying capacity on area roads. Potential negative traffic impacts can be mitigated through road improvements where necessary and by limiting the intensity of development to the traffic carrying capacity of area roads. 5. Fairview Setting The dominant land uses in Fairview are institutional, including Marist College, St. Francis Hospital, the Hudson River Psychiatric Center and Dutchess County Community College. General industrial uses are located north of the City limits, east of Route 9. Single-family homes are concentrated in the central part of the neighborhood. Impact The plan includes the following proposal which are likely to have positivc impacts: A new centralized neighborhood commercial facility to serve local residents; industrial development upgraded and confined to its currcnt locations; additional high density residential development in the vicinity of Dutchess County Community College. In addition the Town could seek to use.unused or underutilizedland oftheFmi<mnRjver Psychiatric.-Center for affordable housing and/or a neighborhood park, both of which are likely to have positive impacts. .- 66 Mitigation Although the neighborhood commercial center could generate traffic, it will serve only the immediate area and will satisfy an existing demand within the community. Adverse impacts associated with industrial land uses will be mitigated by upgrading the appearance and its treatment of industrial uses and confining them to their present locations, away from nearby residential uses. High density uses in the vicinity of Dutchess County Community College will serve college and regional needs, and their impacts will be mitigated by improved accessibility once construction of the ~v1aybrook Road is completed. 6. Northeast - Rochdale Setting This area is primarily undeveloped, with two development concentrations along Route 44 consisting primarily of residential uses, but including several industrial uses as well. Several large residential developments have been approved or are under consideration. Impact Most of the undeveloped area is proposed to be developed for low and medium density residential use. No additional commercial uses would occur on Route 44 to preserve its traffic carrying capacity and maintain the_ character of adjacent residential neighborhoods. However, a small neighborhood commercial center is likely to be necessary to satisfy the convenience retail needs of residents if residential development continues. This will generate additional traffic within the neighborhood. Mitigation The Master Plan calls for development in this planning area to occur with respect for and attention to development constraints. Wetlands and extreme slopes will be le~'t in their natural state while low "density residential uses will be clustered away from environmentally sensitive areas. The potential for increased traffic on area roads will be lessened if no additional commercial development is permitted, except a potential new commercial center. Limiting new non-residential development will also preserve the character of residential neighborhoods. 67 7. Summary of Land Use The Master Plan would slightly reduce the potential growth capacity of the Town from current Town land use policies. The complete development of all residential land in accordance with the current zoning would mean an additional 12,000 dwelling units in the Town. This does not include the construction of projects that have been approved but not total I y developed, or construction on existing lots of less than two acres. Together this could mean approximately two thousand additional units. .i As noted in Part I, the land use pattern of the Town has been established. It is not probable or necessarily desirable to dramatically alter this pattern. Approximately 6,000 to 9,000 additional dwelling units could be developed exclusive of the New York Trap Rock site, in addition to the 2,000 units already approved. If it is assumed that each dwelling units has an average of 2.87 persons, as determined in the 1980 census, the maximum additional population would be 23,000 to 31,000 (as compared to a maximum additional population of some 40,000 today). Since the Town is largely developed, the land use plan is intended to reinforce the existing pattern of development, without some of the problems that have occurred in the past such as strip commercial development and "spot" commercial and industrial uses. The Plan does not contemplate changes to the established residential neighborhoods, while commercial development is planned for the existing areas of concentration. ~ ~~1 68 B. ENVIRONMENT Setting The varied topography in the Town greatly contributes to its overall environmental quality. Much of the vacant land in the Tovm is subject to constraints such as wetlands and steep slopes. The Town has some significant natural attributes that are not fully utilized at the 'present time (see Part III of this report). Impact The i\faster P!J.n recommends a number of policies that will preserve and protect the natural resources and environmental quality of the To\vn. Among these are regulations governing the development of land with very steep slopes, protection of floodplains; cooperation with regional agencies in evaluating and protecting groundwater resources; and the evaluation and cleanup of toxic waste sites that exist within the Town. Mitigation The proposals in the Master Plan are themselves mitigation measures in that they limit development and require careful evaluation of environmental resources before development can occur. The overall effect of these policies will be to protect and preserve the natural environment. C. HOUSING Setting Housing in Poughkeepsie is predominantly owner-occupied detached single-family houses. However, most newer housing has been multi-family, both rental and owner-occupied units. As land values have rapidly increased and family composition has changed, it has become increasingly difficult for middle income families to afford the "average" house in the Town and there are few options available to low and moderate income families. Impact The policies recommended in the Master Plan are intended to encourage the development of more moderately priced housing. Proposals are included to amend the zoning law to permit a density incentive for cluster developments that provide affordable housing, multi-family rental developments, and senior citizen developments. A limited number of accessory apartments would be permitted in 69 single-family residential zones. Mitigation Although the policies on the Master Plan may lead to more intense development in limited areas, this must be balanced against the increased supply of lower priced housing that will be made available. In the case of accessory apartments, the character of the neighborhood will be preserved by the requirement that a special permit be issued, which will ensure that atten tion is given to aesthetic appearance, adequate parking, and sewage disposal. In the case of density incentives, permitting more intense developments in certain circumstances will help to keep the cost of housing \vithin reach of individuals earning the "J\'er;lg.e" income. thus mitigating the impact of 10\ver densities l)Il housing costs. The Town should actively pursue any available federal and state funding source that would help further the needs of the TO\vn and thus further mitigate the high cost of housing. D. TRANSPORTATION Setting Recent growth and development within the Town and nearby communities have resulted in increased traffic on the Town's road system. Planned improvements in and near the Town will not fully alleviate the present and anticipated traffic problems. Impacts The Master Plan proposes land use policies to reduce potential traffic increases, and a variety of road improvements to allow the smooth movement of traffic. A minimum traffic level of service liD" is the objective for all intersections. The carrying capacity of the Town's roads, and Route 9 in particular, will be enhanced to the maximum possible level. This will be accomplished through road widenings, installation of turning lanes, medians and jug handles, and limiting access points on heavily travelled roads. The Plan suggests the Town should examine the feasibility of a regional approach to planning for transportation improvements. The construction of new roads is also an option, either in the form of minor interior direct access routes between adjacent properties or new collector roads, such as the type proposed to run east-west across the northern section- of the Town. If a new Hudson River crossing-is -ultimately constructed, .. additional connections to and from local roads may be necessary to fully integrate the area road network. 70 The impact of all plan proposals is to minimize traffic increases and to improve traffic flow. Miti~ation Although the private automobile will remain the dominant mode of transportation for the foreseeable future, the Plan focuses attention on developing alternate methods of transportation .such as mass transit, pedestrian and bicycle routes as mitigation measures. The latter could also offer recreational opportunities. Increasing traffic levels will continue to affect the Town particularly as vaC;:U1t areas ~irc developed. Reduction in densities and restrictions on commercial expansion will mitigate to the gre~test extent possible the anticipated increase in traffic. A regional approach to solving traffic problems will mitigate impacts both in the Town and in the surrounding area. E. WATER AND SEWER Setting The Town has a central water system that can provide service to all areas of the Town. However, several large developed and undeveloped areas of the Town are not currently served by sanitary sewers. The sewer systems serving the Town have limited capacity which acts as a constraint on new development. Impact Full development under the Plan will generate less of an increase in demand on the water and sewer system than current development policies. Mitigation The Master Plan recommends a master sewer plan to serve presently unsewercd developed areas as well as developed areas where sewers are viable. Only very low density residential development will be permitted where connection to public sewer system is not practical. The preparation of a master sewer plan for expansion of the existing system will aid in determining the most efficient service areas and trunk line locations and sizes. This plan will also address the timing and financing of improvements. 71 F. PARKS. RECREATION j~ND OPEN SPACE Setting The Town's park and open space system contains many small neighborhood parks, but lacks sufficient facilities for active recreation such as adult softball fields or a large recreational complex. Impact The Plan will accommcxhtc an 3.dditional 23 - 31,000 people (estimate). This p{JpulJtion \vilI cre3te the need for 3.dditional recreation facilities. Mitigzltiol1 Several new parks are proposed in the Master Plan particularly in the Northeast - Rochdale planning area, where additional development will create the demand for two to four new neighborhood parks. One or two large community parks are also proposed to provide opportunities for indoor and outdoor recreation activities, both active an passive. Proposals for water access, particularly along WaRpingers Creek and the Hudson River, will allow the opportunity for passive recreation and water-oriented activities. Where playgrounds are provided, deteriorated and obsolete equipment should be replaced with the safe, modern variety. The Master Plan calls for the designation of a significant amount of additional open space, which will be a benefit to the Town. Increasing the number of parks in the Town and improving access to the Hudson River will provide additional recreational opportunities within the Town. G. EDUCATIONAL FACILITIES Setting After several years of decline, public school enrollments in each of the four school districts in the Town are increasing. The public schools must provide adequate facilities to meet this need. Impact The addi-tioRal--residential development that the _Master Plan accommodates will result in additional school age children, which will place an increased demand on educational facilities. 72 . Mitigation The PL1.,:~g~:::"" It :-::'1:1[;,:r n,' rnitigation measures. These include: (a) Working with the ',::.hc,nl ,iislricrs in pioviding accurate information with regard to new residr~' .. <: ;~::JJc~:\pr":::1t projects; (b) Where surplus space exists, the feasit::( ;,';:..;::~~ this ';,; to other districts should be explored; (c) The Town .,>:: :\,:::~~:":; c:::. \':1 district should work in concert to find a suitable locati~ '.: ,.:',~ ;';~:::cr~:,~,:.)chool, preferably adjacent to a park; and (d) The Town and Ci ;'J '0>')'-:101 -,,,u;'k. together to find an appropriate location for a new libralv H. PUBLIC' Set,' Police .,~ ',' ""r: :"";':-:: >y the Town police department, the New York State por i:~ r>::c:,c;,.; C"!:1t\ :3heriffs Department. Fire protection is provided by__ ."":\:::.,,(,.,, ",'l:'Jew Hamburg fire districts. A satisfactory level of ptb <:'." :c,,;;,:;,':,, In :.:, (;c provided in the wake of growth within the Town and Ch3.J.ii=:;~~; ;l,:~..i'; \.1;' TO,Y'1 residents. Imp.::' One of .:;'; ni.Cs;: ':encus i'i:lpacts of the implementation of the Plan is the , s:;';;i'1 Cl t11 C 3.-'(,':2 r:..:-e districts to provide adequate fire protection. The u~c c' :11U::':S Ji:: ;.'..:;reements and the potential for sharing equipment .v..; ':::'::':{jLi;~g c:':i'-=il~D.cy. New residential development in the vicinity i.,: T::p:::<:~ \'. ill iccJIlire improved fire protection. State legislation to >:",--' '" :'.:::'.: :,.;c': .:mounts ofland are non-taxable could help ease the '.' ",' '. 1 . Fire District. Since volunteer firefighters are in ,; " ',J be necessary to begin using a consolidated fire , ;;:~: point in the future. Increased development may :i,? Drotection. . . mCfC3.S) " cor';.", .vir' of Salt P prO'!'f' ':m;! 'nr 1. '. J ~ MiJig0.t' tvLuLU, "", ,j;lfed equipment, possibly involving a City-Town agreer;lt:' , ','j:; {,c:;) \0 ;'c;;\.'" ;::.:e the situation. Use of a paid, career staff would ~;c-, iT :';..;r'~.:: L Iii,,:"\,: c: '>~rienced firefighters who can provide improved .' '. ' Ct:J<.::": ,,'s'c:-::.g-.:. ': at a higher cost. On the other hand, increased ~~~~ l~;~:'.\.' ci~~"'\:<'.}:,;~:~ent will help defray these higher costs.. It is also ':", '.::::~: "'...:t_ .:'.; dential units, particularly those of the affordable 73 variety, will encollrZlge potential volunteer firefighters to live in the Town, thereby reducing the need to switch to a paid system. Expansion of police facilities is proposed for the Burnett Boulevard station, once the Public Works Department is relocated as planned. 1. ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT Setti n g Thc TO\\il'S ;::\ ~i:L;;: 11:1S c\pClnckci over the years. but CIS government needs Clnd populZltion il1C~C;lSC. there is an ongoing need to maintain a balance. Impact The Plan is likely to limit commercial expansion, but there are opportunities for expanded and enhanced industrial and officelresearch uses. Mitigation The Plan includes proposals-to reuse existing underutilized industrial sites and to utilize the Maybrook Road to encourage economic development. The Plan also incorporates a proposal to revitalize the Arlington business center. 1. SUMMARY OF MITIGATION MEASURES The Master Plan includes the following mitigation measures to address the impacts of future development: 1. Lower residential densities than the 1971 Plan or current zoning, especially in north eastern parts of Town. 2. Limited expansion of commercial development along major roads. 3. Preservation of open space corridors along major waterways. 4. Revitalization of the Arlington business area. ,,, 74 IV. UNA VOIDABLE ADVERSE ENVIRONMENTAL 11'\1PACTS No adverse environmental impacts will occur as a direct result of the adoption of the Master Plan. Most undeveloped areas in the Town would eventually have been subject to development under the 1971 Master Plan, and in many cases development under the earlier plan would result in a greater level of development with a final outcome of more impacts of a higher magnitude. Potential adverse environmental impacts resulting from specific development proposals can be addressed and mitigated as appropriate through the preparation of site specific environmental impacts. 75 v. IRREVERSIBLE AND IRRETRIEVABLE COMMITMENTS OF RESOURCES New development inevitably requires the consumption of additional resources. Raw land. energy, building materials and other resources will be needed for the Town to become developed according to the Master Plan's recommendations. However, a commitment of resources would be required under any development plan. Because the permitted number of ne\v dwelling units 'is slightly reduced from the 1971 plan, previously committed resources will be conserved through adoption of the new plan. Clustering and the provision 0 f add i lional parks and open space areas will also conserve natural and energy resources, :/1',' ~~.. 76 VI. GRO\VTH INDUCING IMPACTS The adoption of the Master Plan will result in less development than could be expected according to the existing plan. The adoption of the Plan will not induce growth. To the extent that implementation of various elements of the Plan will make the Town more attractive, it may induce residential as well as non-residential development. 77 VII. EFFECTS ON THE USE AND CONSERVATION OF ENERGY Because the proposed Master Plan will result in a lower level of development, its adoption will result in less energy consumption. Reduced potential growth and careful attention to land management will contribute to the conservation of energy. 78 ..... VIII. ALTERNATIVES TO THE PROPOSED ACTION There are three alternatives to the preparation of the Master Plan available to the Town of Poughkeepsie. A more intense plan, a less intense plan, or the existing plan could be used. Existin~ Master Plan The existing Master Plan, completed in 1971, reflected development concerns and conditions at the time it was adopted. However, with the passage of time. the prime parcels with the fewest development constraints have largely been developed. Concern with the community regarding preservation of environmentally sensitive are~s has become an important issue. Rising housing prices and a shortage of developable land in many of the closer-in suburbs, coupled with an increasing willingness to commute longer distances to work, has caused the suburban fringe of the metropolitan ar~ to move continuously northward. As a result, Poughkeepsie has experienced significant grO\vth and real estate prices have escalated accordingly. Sound planning is not a static process and must reflect the changing conditions of the Town. Periodic review and update of the Town's Plan is good planning practice. As a result of this review, it has been determined that the 1971 Master Plan is no longer a viable guide for planned growth. More Intense Plan A more intensive development plan would allow additional growth. Potential benefits that would accrue from more intensive development include lower housing costs and a potentially significant increase in tax ratables. This is of particular importance since an unusually large proportion of land in the Town is tax-exempt. However, adverse impacts associated with more intense development include potentially large increases in traffic volumes, reduction in land available for parks and open space, damage to environmentally sensitive areas such as steep slopes and wetlands, an increase in demand for school facilities, and a continuing strain on community services such as police and fire. The Town's goal is to permit planned growth without serious adverse environment2l impacts. Clearly a more intensive development plan is inconsistent with that goaL Less Intense Plan An even less intensive Master Plan will result in a further decrease in the number of potential new housing' units and commercial development, and possibly in taxes 79 generated. This will permit growth to occur and to even more favorably co-exist with significant environmental features. The potential for development in environmentally sensitive areas, such as where wetlands or steep slopes are located, will be severely limited or prohibited altogether. This less intensive plan will further minimize any potential impacts on school facilities, traffic and the provision of police and fire services. Some commercial growth will be permitted, but only where required by new residential development. Additional land will be allocated for park and open space areas, and a possibly more extensive green belt along Wappingers Creek and the Hudson River would be created. These options exist under the proposed Plan as well. Conclusion The proposed plan strikes a balance between accommodating development and a continuing desire to protect and preserve the Town's natural environment. 80